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Objective:In order to explore the impact of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)on the hospitalization of children with bronchiolitis and to improve clinicians′ understanding of the characteristics of bronchiolitis during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:This was a multicenter clinical study, and the data have been collected from 23 children′s medical centers in China.All the clinical data were retrospectively collected from children with bronchiolitis who were hospitalized at each study center from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021.The results included gender, age at hospitalization, length of stay, respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) test results, severity rating, ICU treatment, and the total number of children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection during the same period.The clinical data of children with bronchiolitis in 2019 before COVID-19 epidemic and in 2020、2021 during COVID-19 epidemic were statistically analyzed and compared.Results:According to a summary of data provided by 23 children′s medical centers, there were 4 909 cases of bronchiolitis in 2019, 2 654 cases in 2020, and 3 500 cases in 2021.Compared with 2019, the number of bronchiolitis cases decreased by 45.94% in 2020 and 28.70% in 2021.In 2019, 2020 and 2021, there were no significant differences in gender ratio, age, and duration of hospitalization.Compared with 2019, the ratio of bronchiolitis to the total number of hospitalizations for respiratory tract infection decreased significantly in 2020 and 2021( χ2=12.762, P<0.05; χ2=84.845, P<0.05).The proportion of moderate to severe bronchiolitis cases in both 2020 and 2021 was lower than that in 2019, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.054, P<0.05; χ2=8.109, P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of bronchiolitis cases requiring ICU treatment between 2019, 2020, and 2021 ( χ2=1.914, P>0.05).In 2019, a total of 52.60%(2 582/4 909) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and among them, there were 708 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.00%.In 2020, 54.14%(1 437/2 654) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 403 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.04%.In 2021, 66.80%(2 238/3 500) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 935 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 41.78%.Compared with 2019 and 2020, the RSV positive rate in 2021 showed a significant increase( χ2=99.673, P<0.05; χ2=71.292, P<0.05). Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic, the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures reduced the hospitalization rate and severity of bronchiolitis, but did not reduce the positive rate of RSV detection.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect and safety of apatinib in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.@*Methods@#A total of 60 patients with advanced gastric cancer at the first Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from April 2015 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and all patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment method, each group of 30 cases. The control group was treated with conventional treatment, and the observation group was given the treatment of apatinib on the basis of the control group, and then the clinical curative effect and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#There were 2 cases (6.67%) of complete remission in the observation group, 14 cases (46.67%) of partial remission, 10 cases (33.33%) of stability and 4 cases (13.33%) of disease progression, and the total effective rate was 53.33% (16/30). The control group had no complete remission, 8 cases (26.67%) of partial remission, 11 cases (36.67%) of stability and 11 cases (36.67%) of disease progression, and the total effective rate was 26.67% (8/30). The difference of total effective rate between the two groups was statistically significant (χ 2 = 4.444, P = 0.035). There was no significant difference in the level of tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)199, CA125, cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) between the two groups before and after treatment (all P > 0.05). The incidence of hand-foot syndrome and hypertension in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [73.33% (22/30) vs. 43.33% (13/30), H = 5.554, P = 0.018; 76.67% (23/30) vs. 46.67% (14/30), H = 5.711, P = 0.017]. The incidence of proteinuria, bone marrow suppression and the cardiac adverse reactions in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [63.33% (19/30) vs. 33.33% (10/30), H = 3.300, P = 0.069; 60.00%(18/30) vs. 36.67% (11/30), H = 5.455, P = 0.071; 53.33% (16/30) vs. 30.00% (9/30), H = 3.360, P = 0.067].@*Conclusion@#Apatinib is effective in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, but the occurrence of hand-foot syndrome and hypertension should be paid close attention during the treatment.
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Objective To compare the efficacy of erlotinib and pemetrexed in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its effect on the immunity of patients. Methods A total of 82 patients with NSCLC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from June 2014 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different treatment methods, the patients were divided into erlotinib group (150 mg/d, oral administration, 2 hours after the meal) and pemetrexed group (500 mg/m2, intravenous drip, 21-day each cycle). There were 41 cases in each group. The clinical effects of the two groups were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the immune index. Results The objective effective rate in pemetrexed group was lower than that in erlotinib group [34.2％ (14/41) vs. 39.0％ (16/41), χ 2 = 0.210, P =0.647). There was no significant difference in T lymphocyte subsets between the two groups before and after treatment (both P > 0.05). The values of CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD4+ / CD8+ in both groups after the treatment were decreased compared with the values before the treatment; CD8 + T cells was increased after the treatment compared with the value before the treatment (all P < 0.05). Quality of life questionnaire-C30 (QLQ-C30) score in erlotinib group was higher than that in pemetrexed group [(75.1±13.5) vs. (68.9±12.9), t = 2.158, P = 0.017]. Myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reactions were the main adverse events in pemetrexed group; rashes and diarrhoea were the main adverse reactions in erlotinib group. Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ side effects occurred in both groups. There were statistical differences in the incidence of myelosuppression, gastrointestinal reactions, rashes and diarrhoea of both groups (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The efficacy oferlotinib and pemetrexed in treatment of advanced NSCLC is similar, and both of them could regulate the immune response. Erlotinib has a significant advantage in improving the quality of life.
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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an infection that can be sexually transmitted and result in health consequences. Persistent high-risk HPV infection can lead to various cancers and is the essential cause of cervical cancer. HPV vaccine can prevent the HPV infection and thus the incidence of cervical cancer. In this review we introduced the prevalence of HPV infection and vaccination, and the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. We also introduced the present knowledge and awareness of HPV infection and HPV vaccine in Chinese. Propaganda all over China should be performed on HPV vaccination to improve the vaccination rate, thus preventing the incidence of cervical cancer.
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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic anti-tumor effect of cryptotanshinone and cis-platin in non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H1975 cells and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods NCI-H1975 cells were treated with control,cryptotanshinone,cisplatin or combination of cryptotanshinone and cisplatin groups(referred to as the combination group). The inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was determined in NCI-H1975 cells by CCK-8 assay;Flow cytometry was used to determine the rates of survival and cell apoptosis;The expression of apoptotic protein,anti-apoptotic protein,JAK2/STAT3 protein and its phosphorylation levels were detected in NCI-H1975 cells by Western blot. The localization and transcription activity of STAT3 cells were determined by laser confocal microscopy/luciferase assays. Results 1. The survival rates in cryptotanshinone,cisplatin and combination groups at each time-point were lower in NCI-H1975 cells than that in the control group(P<0. 05);The proliferation of NCI-H1975 cells in the combination group were inhibited when compared to the control,cryptotanshinone,or cisplatin groups(P<0. 05);2. After treatments for 24 h,the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Survivin protein were decreased(P<0. 01),the activity of Caspase3 and Caspase9 protein was increased(P<0. 01),and the expression levels of p-STAT3 and p-JAK2 protein were de-creased in NCI-H1975 cells(P<0. 01);3. After NCI-H1975 cells treated with the combination of cryptotanshinone and cisplatin, the STAT3 in the nucleus was decreased,and STAT3 activity was also decreased in the nucleus. Conclusion Cryptotanshinone com-bined with cisplatin can exert a synergistic antitumor effect on non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H1975 cells,and its mechanism is related to the inhibition of JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation signal pathways.
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Objective To investigate the differential expression profile of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) related long chain noncoding RNA (LncRNA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells after incomplete radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in vitro.Methods Incomplete RFA was simnulated in vitro by using Huh7 cells in water bath at 47℃.EMT change was detected by microscopy and Western blot.Cell invasion and migration were detected by transwell assays.Cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.Differential expression profile of EMT-related LncRNAs between Huh7-H and Huh7 were analyzed by LncPath human EMT array,and it was validated by RT-PCR.Results Under microscopy,Huh7-H presented characteristic EMT morphological changes.Western blot analysis showed that the expression of E-cadherin in Huh7-H cells was decreased,while the expressions of N-cadherin and Vimentin were increased.Transwell assay test indicated that cell migration and invasion were increased in Huh7-H cell when compared with Huh7 cell (61.0±5.2 vs 138.0±11.8 and 33.3±7.8 vs 82.7±39.4,respectively),the abilities of Huh7-h cell in migration and invasion were evidently strengthened (P＜0.05).CCK-8 assay shawed that the proliferation ability of Huh 7-H was obviously higher than that Huh 7 (P＜0.05).LncPath human EMT array screened out 3 differential expressed LncRNAs (P≤0.05 and fold changes ≥ 1.5),including two down-regulated LncRNAs (FUNDC2P4,RPL27P7) and one up-regulated LncRNA (MTND4LP14).RT-PCR validation revealed that the expressions of FUNDC2P4,RPL27P7 and MTND4LP14 in Huh7-H cells were 0.137,0.869 and 1.037times of that in Huh7 cells,respectively.Clinical specimen validation showed that the expression of LncRNA FUNDC2P4 in peficancerous tissue was higher than that in HCC tissue,and the expression of LncRNA FUNDC2P4 in HCC tissue was higher than that in the residual HCC tissue after RFA.Conclusion EMTrelated LncRNA FUNDC2P4 in HCC cells with low expression after incomplete RFA is successfully screened out,which provides basis for the further investigation of the function and molecular mechanism of this gene.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) on the atherosclerosis progress in the maintenance hemodialysis patients.@*METHODS@#We enrolled 19 patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and 11 healthy people as control. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their age above or below 40 years old (11 and 8 in each, respectively), whereas the subjects in control group were below 40 years old. All the clinical information of the research subjects was collected: including age, gender, time of hemodialysis, blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (SCr). Immunohistochemistry and pathological image analysis were used to investigate the pathological changes, calcification and the expression of PAI-1, t-PA, and ET-1 on the blood vessel.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the age-matched healthy control group, there were higher blood vascular media thickness, blood vascular media thickness/diagmeter ratio, blood vascular media thickness area/vascular inter-wall area ratio (P<0.05) and more calcification (P<0.05) in the the internal iliac artery in the chronic renal failure MHD patients. All the results were similar when compared the above 40 years old group with the below 40 years old one in the chronic renal failure MHD patients. There were positive correlation of blood vascular media thickness with age and blood pressure (P<0.05). Expression of PAI-1, ET-1, t-PA on the internal iliac artery vessel was elevated in the chronic renal failure MHD patients compared with the health control (P<0.05). The level of PAI-1 or ET-1 was much higher in the above 40 years old group than the below 40 years old one in the chronic renal failure MHD patients, whereas there was no significant difference in the t-PA expression between the 2 groups (P<0.05). There were positive correlation of PAI-1 or ET-1 expression with age and blood pressure (P<0.05). There were positive correlation of PAI-1 or ET-1 expression with blood vascular media thickness and calcification (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no correlation of hemodialysis time with blood vascular media thickness, calcification, PAI-1, t-PA, or ET-1 expressions.@*CONCLUSION@#MHD patients accompany with atherosclerosis which is severer in the patients above 40 years old than the patients below 40 years old. The higher of the blood pressure, the severer of the atherosclerosis. Abnormal expression of PAI-1 plays an important role in the progress of the atherosclerosis in the chronic renal failure MHD patients, whereas t-PA has no function in this process. The level of PAI-1 and ET-1 would be helpful to evaluating the degree of atherosclerosis in the chronic renal failure MHD patients. Hemodialysis time may not be a potential accelerator for atherosclerosis progression.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atherosclerosis , Blood , Endothelin-1 , Blood , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Therapeutics , Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 , Blood , Renal DialysisABSTRACT
Objective To determine the clinical characteristic, main treatment, and prognosis for the sake of more effective treatments for critically ill patients with H1N1 influenza. Methods Eight critically ill patients with H1N1 influenza in intensive care unit were retrospectively studied, including clinical characteristics, indexex of correlation, and prognosis. Results The acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ score was 19.0±7.8. Five patients died, 4 of whom were caused by respiratory failure. The number of platelets in dead patient was lower than that in healing and improved ones(χ2=8.000,P＜0.05).All the 4 patients treated with glucocorticoid died, 5 out of the 6 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation rather than noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and 3 of them who complicated barotraumas in the lung died at last. Conclusion Critically ill patients with H1N1 influenza have high mortality. Respiratory failure is the main cause of death. Critically ill patients with H1N1 influenza should not be treated with glucocorticoid. Patients who need mechanical ventilation should be treated with invasive mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume and low positive end-expiratory pressure.
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Objective To investigate the incidence,correlative factors and prevention of perimenopausal symptoms.Methods 146 perimenopausal women were investigated by using Kupperman menopausal index(KMI),life event scale,improved social support scale and self-made inventory.Results We got 112 available data,the incidence of perimenopausal symptoms was 75.0%,58.0%was mild,15.2%was moderate,1.8%was sevcre.The main correlative factors of perimenopausal symptoms were inhabited environment,self emotional controllability,history of gynecologic diseases,history of depression,dysmenorrhea,premenstrual syndrome,menopause,score of life eventscale,improved social support scale.Conclusions The incidence of perimenopausal symptoms is high.It is also related to factors of society,family and mentality,except hypogonadism.Preventing perimenopausal symptoms according to its cirrelative factors may decrease its incidence and enhance the life quality of women.
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Objective To investigate IL-6 and CRP levels,and their relationship with airflow obstruction、frequency of exacerbation in patients with COPD.Methods From Feb.2004 to Jul.2004,sputum and serum specimens were obtained from 54 patients with stable COPD and 10 age-matched healthy controls.The concentrations of sputum IL-6 and serum IL-6 were measured by ELISA.The concentrations of sputum CRP and serum CRP were measured by transmissive heterometric titration.Results (1)Sputum IL-6 levels in COPD patients of all stages were higher than those in controls(P
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Objective:To explore the method of culturing rat hippocampal slice in vitro and to observe the changes of neurons' morphology and reactivity in cultured slice.Methods:Organotypic hippocampal slices were prepared by taking brains from 6-9 day old wistar rats.After the hippocampi was isolated and chopped into 400?m thickness,slices were transferred to Millipore inserts and placed in six-well trays in CO_2 incubators at 37℃.Then the cultured hippocampal slices were observed for the changes of morphology by macroscopic observation and using inverted phase contrast microscope;Expression of Fos protein in cultured hippocampal slice was detected by immunocytochemistry for observation of the internal response of hippocampal neurons to the damage;The electrophysiological activity of hippocampal neurons were detected by using patch clamp technique. Results:(1)The number of neurons in cultured hippocampal slices was increased,and the thickness of cultured hippocampal slices was decreased markedly along with the culturing period in vitro.After being cultured for 4 weeks,the thickness of hippocampal slices was decreased to about 150?m.(2)With the treatment of pilocarpine to induce seizure-like activity,the number of neurons which expressing Fos protein was increased in CA1 area of the cultured hippocampal slice.(3)With the application of pathch clamp technique,the changes of the ion currents of pyramidal neurons in CA1 area were recorded by the whole-cell recording after culturing for 1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks and 4 weeks respectively.Conclusion:Cultured hippocampal slice in vitro could retain satisfactory liveness and function for at least 4 weeks.
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Objective To assess the value of the clinical application of two dimensions reconstruction and surface shaded display (SSD) with multiple slices spiral CT in diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma .Methods Peripheral pulmonary carcinomas in 35 cases were scanned by multiple slices spiral CT. The source images of CT were reconstructed by two dimensions reconstruction and surface shaded display (SSD) techniques.Results The images of two dimensions reconstruction could show the internal structure of lesions,lobulated sign burr sign,the vessels surrounding the focus,and the relation between focus and pleural as well as mediastina,but the relation of tumor and the organs surrounding the tumor could be showed not stereoscopically and directly.The images of SSD could not only reveal the relation between focus and surrounding organs in different dirctions but also revealed the features of pulmonary carcinoma stereoscopically and directly.Conclusion It is valuable for diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma that application of SSD based on the images of two dimensions reconstruction.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical application of two dimensions reconstruction(TDR) and multiple planes reconstruction(MPR) technique with multiple slices spiral CT in diagnosis for peripheral pulmonary carcinoma(PPC).Methods 17 cases of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma were examined with the multiple slices spiral CT scan and MPR.Results The imaging of TDR revealed the internal structure ,burr sign and petaline sign of PPC and the surrounding vessels of focus. It also showed the spatial structure between focus and pleural , mediastine. But the area and the features of the imaging of TDR were limited. The MPR could reveal the spatial structure between focus and pleural , mediastine in many aspects .It also revealed the features of pulmonary carcinoma and the spatial structure between focus and surrounding tissue.Conclusion It is valuable for diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma that application of MPR based on the imaging of two dimensions reconstruction.
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Objective:To explore the dynamic process of the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in hippocampus cells after convulsion through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Methods:Seizures with duration of 30 minutes(30min SC) were induced in infant and adult Wistar rats(IRs&ARs) respectively. The rats were sacrificed at 6 different time points after SC termination.Dynamic change of BDNF level in happocampal cells was investigated by immunocytochemistry and ELISA. Primary hippocampal neurons cultured for 9 days were exposed to magnesium-free extracellular solution media for 3h to establish seizure-like discharge model. BDNF protein expressed in cultured hippocampal neurons was detected by immunocytochemistry. Results:(1)The cells expression of BDNF increased in CA1-CA4 and dentate of hippocampus after SC,and the most positive immunoreactivity was in dentate. The expression of BDNF was remarkably up-regulated at 3h(from 6.65?1.60 pg/?g to 11.22?2.44pg/?g) after SC in IRs group (P